Limonin, , from citrus seeds, >90% (HPLC)

Not available outside of the UK & Ireland.

Application

Limonin has been used:to treat human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to test its effect on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replicationto test its effects as an anti-osteoporosis agent in osteoblastogenesis activity in MC3T3-E1 cells and ovariectomized (OVX) rat modelas a reference standard in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system

Biochem/physiol Actions

Limonin exerts its anti-inflammatory activity by downregulating signal transducer and activator of transcription 3/ microRNA-214 (STAT3/miR-214) signaling pathway in Ulcerative colitis (UC) condition. It is an anti-carcinogenic agent, involved in the down-regulation Wingless-related integration site (Wnt) signaling pathway component in in vitro studies.

Limonin is a triterpenoid aglycone that is a bitter principle of citrus fruits. It has anti-proliferative, proapoptotic activity on several cancer cell lines and inhibits azoxymethane-induced colon cancer in rats. It also inhibits HIV-1 replication in culturedf monocytes, macrophages, and mononuclear cells, perhaps by inhibition of HIV-1 protease activity.

General description

Limonin also known as citrolimonin and evodin, is a secondary plant metabolite present in citrus seeds at high concentrations. It is a derivative of limonoids.

Limonin may be used in assays to quantify limonin in citrus products. It may also be used in other assays as a control, standard, or competitor or in studies on the physiology, metabolism, and biosynthesis of limonin.